拉丁文学习 第三十一课 cum从句.pdfVIP

第三十一课 Cum 从旬; Fero Cum 从句 我们已经对cum 用作介词非常熟悉了。事实上，cum 还可以用作引导从句 的连词，意为 when， since， 或αlthough o Cum 从句中的动词有时是直陈式，特别是在描述动作的精确时间时。在这 些所谓的cm 时间从句中，cum 可以译为 when( 或 while) ; 有时主句中含有 tum，这时 cum. • . tum 可以译为not only . . . but a1so: Cum eum vidëbis , eum cognδscës， when you (will) see him [即在那一瞬J, you will recognize him. Cum vincimus , tum pãcem spërãs, when (while) we are winninι you are ( ω the same time) hop i略for peαce. Cum ad illum locum vënerant , tum amïcõs contulerant, when they hαd come to that plαce， they had brought their friends 或 not only had they come to thω plαce， but they had a1s. o brought theirfriends. 然而，cum 从句中的动词往往是虚拟式，这时，从句大多是在描述主句动作 发生时的一般状况而不是精确时间(往往称为cum 状况从句) ，或是解释主 句动作的原因 (cum 原因从句) ，或是描述有可能阻碍主句动作的一种情况 ( cum 转折从句)。 Curn hoc fëcisset , ad të fügi t. When he h以1 do峭的i..~ ， h.ejl ed to you . ( 状况从句) 210 I 韦洛克拉丁语教程 Cum hoc scïret, potuit eõs iuvãre. Since he knew this , he wωαble to help them. ( 原因从句) Cum hoc scïret, tamen mïlitës mïsit. A lthough he knew this, ne 1. Cum Gãium dïligerεmus， nδn poterãmus eum iuvãre. A lthough we , loved Gαiω， we could not help him. ( 转折从句) 请注意，如果 cum 后面跟着一个夺格名词或代词，就应当把它翻译成with; 如果cum 引出一个从句，就把它翻译成wh