三轴式汽车变速器的设计.doc

沈阳建筑大学 毕业设计说明书 毕 业 设 计 题 目 三轴式汽车变速器的设计 学院专业班级交通与机械工程学院 交通运输10-1班 2014年 6 月 5 日 内容摘要 变速器是汽车传动系的重要组成部件，它与离合器驱动桥等部件使动力装置输出的动力传到驱动车轮，使汽车实现起步、变速、减速等功能并.为汽车提供良好的动力性、燃油经济性。实现汽车变速与变矩的部件是传动系的核心部件，同时也是与传动装置匹配保证汽车性能的关键部件。目前变速器可分为手动变速与自动变速两类。自动变速器起步功能与变速功能合二为一，不单独存在，电传动则可以完全省去常规传动部分。 本次设计的变速器为采用三轴式结构带有同步器装置并具有超速档的五档轿车变速器，这样可提高发动机的功率利用率、汽车的经济性及平均车速，从而进一步提高汽车的运输效率，降低运输成本。在好路和空载行驶时才使用的超速档可充分地利用发动机功率，降低单位行驶里程的发动机曲轴总转数，而减少发动机的磨损。采用锁环式同步器换档，减小齿轮间的摩擦。使变速器具有操纵简单、方便，换档轻便、迅速、无冲击，无噪声，而且承载能力强，工作可靠，制造容易、维修方便、使用寿命长等优点并在现代轿车上得到日益广泛的采用，为进一步开发变速器打下基础。 关键词： 同步器 ； 变速器 ； 部件； 冲击 Abstract The transmission is the main component of motor vehicle gearing system. The components that are the transmission and the coupling driving axle force could give the power that is output by the power device to the driving wheel. And then the motor has functions of moving, gear shifting and decelerating and so on. These functions will supply the good power force and also can decrease the quality of oil for the car. The component that can change the motor’s vehicle gearshift and moment is the core part of the driving system. At the same time, it is also the key component if it marries with gearing device, because they make sure the motor’s performances. At present, there have two kinds of transmissions: the manual transmission and the automatic transmission. The automatic transmission has two functions: the basic function and gearshift function. It cannot exist by itself. The electricity transmission can leave out the general gearing system. The transmission in this design is a transmission of five pigeonholes’ motor that has adopted three axes structure, the synchronizer and exceeds speed pigeonholing. So that it will improve the economy of motor vehicle and the average speed of a vehicle. Then it can improve the transportation effectiveness of motto further and reduce the transportation cost. When the motto is living in the good pavement or the zero loa