4M卧式蒸馏冷凝器设计.doc

毕业设计 4㎡卧式蒸馏冷凝器 4 square meters of horizontal distillation condenser 班 级 学生姓名 学号 指导教师 职称 导师单位 机电工程技术学院 论文提交日期 摘要 换热设备是石油、化工生产中普遍应用的典型工艺设备，也是应用最为广泛的单元操作设备之一。在其他领域，如动力、核能、食品、交通等工业部门换热设备也有广泛的应用。随着石油、化工装置大型化，换热设备正朝着强化传热、高效紧凑、降低热阻以及防止流体诱导振动等方向发展。化工设备种类繁多，而且新型结构也不断出现。其正确的设置，性能的改善关系各部门有关工艺的合理性、经济性以及能源的有效利用与节约，对国民经济有着十分重要的影响。换热器的型式繁多，不同的使用场合使用目的不同。其中常用结构为管壳式，因其结构简单、造价低廉、选材广泛、清洗方便、适应性强，在各工业部门应用最为广泛。 卧式蒸馏冷凝器是固定管板式换热器的一种， 固定管板式换热器管束连接在管板上，管板与壳体焊接。其优点是结构简单、紧凑、能承受较高的压力，造价低，管程清洗方便，管子损坏时易堵管或更换；缺点是当管束与壳体的壁温或材料的线胀系数相差较大时，壳体与管束将会产生较大的热应力，这种换热器适用于壳侧介质清洁且不易结垢、并能进行清洗、管程与壳程两侧温差不大或温差较大但壳程压力不高的场合。 关键词：卧式蒸馏冷凝器 管壳式换热器 压力容器 Abstract Horizontal distillation condenser is a kind of fixed tube plate heat exchanger,Heat exchanger is a typical process equipment widely used in petroleum, chemical production, is one of the most widely used unit operation equipment. In other areas, such as power, nuclear energy, food, transportation and other industrial sectors of heat transfer equipment has a wide application. As the oil, chemical device, heat transfer equipment is toward enhanced heat transfer, high efficiency, reducing the thermal resistance and prevent the flow induced vibration direction. Chemical equipment of various kinds, and the new structure also appear continuously. The correct setting, performance improved relations departments about the rationality of the process, economy and energy efficiency and conservation, has an important impact on the national economy. Heat exchanger type is various, the use of different occasions using different purposes. The common structure of shell and tube type, because of its simple structure, low cost, wide material selection, convenient cleaning, strong adaptability, application in the industrial sector is the most widely used. Fixed tube plate heat exchanger tube con