胎膜早破相关因素研究进展.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 胎膜早破相关因素研究进展 （陕西中医药大学第二临床医学院 陕西咸阳 712000 陕西中医药大学第二附属医院妇产科 陕西咸阳 712000） 摘要：胎膜早破作为产科常见并发症，其国内外发生率近年有增长趋势。胎膜早破的发病因素至今虽未完全明确，但一般认为是多因素造成的。本文将胎膜早破发生的多种相关因素，包括生殖道病原微生物上行感染，不良孕产史，宫腔与胎膜因素中宫腔压力大、胎膜受力不均，多种营养因素缺乏，炎性细胞因子表达及其他妊娠期相关方面的因素进行分析整理研究。近年来，随着分子医学研究的深入，发现胎膜早破与基质金属蛋白酶(MMPs)、细胞凋亡也具有一定相关性，对胎膜早破的研究逐渐成为热点课题。本文就目前国内外热点研究中胎膜早破相关因素的进展作一综述。 关键词：胎膜早破；相关因素；研究进展 Abstract：Premature rupture of membranes, as a common obstetric complications，the incidence of it has a growth trend at home and abroad in recent years. Although the risk factors of premature rupture of membranes is not yet completely clear, people deem that it is caused by more factors. This article studies that the disease related to multiple factors,including pathogens infection uplink with Genital tract, adverse maternal history of uterine, cavity pressure and membranes become uneven , a variety of nutritional factors deficiency, cytokine expression and other factors in gestation period. For the past few years, With the increasingly research of the molecular medicine , people found that premature rupture of membranes also has a certain correlation with the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPS) and apoptosis. The reserch of premature rupture of membranes become a hot topic. It is a review about advances in research on relevant factors of premature rupture of membranes at home and abroad in this paper. Keywords：Premature rupture of the membranes; Relevant factors; The research progress [中图分类号] R816.91 [文献标识码] A 文章编号： 胎膜早破是围产医学研究的重要内容之一。由于胎膜早破易发生早产，胎儿窘迫，脐带脱垂，难产，胎盘早剥等严重并发症，处理不当会影响母婴健康，干扰妊娠结局，可导致围产期患病率和死亡率的明显提高，是新生儿发病率和死亡率增加的一个重要原因，一直是产科关注的焦点问题。引起胎膜早破的因素很多，常是多因素相互作用的结果，多与胎膜本身结构，感染和机械力学有关。近年来，国内外学者对胎膜早破的病因进行了大量的分析研究，在细胞和分子方面取得一定进展，但其确切的病因至今尚未完全清楚.因此，应对胎膜早破予以足够重视，找出胎膜早破发生的相关因素，可为预防和避免胎膜早破的发生，减少母儿并发症，保障母婴安全提供科学依据。 1 胎膜早破的概念及发生率 1.1概念 胎膜早破(premature rupture of the membranes PROM)是临产前发生胎膜破裂，包括足月胎膜早破( term premature rupture of membranes，tPROM)和未足月胎膜早破( preterm premature r