1运动：附肢骨 PPT.ppt

The Bones of Limbs 附 肢 骨;目的和要求;The appendicular skeleton(附肢骨）;Ⅰ Bones of upper limb;Tow curves: “S” shaped, medial 2/3 convex forward and lateral 1/3 convex backward. Tow ends: sternal end胸骨端 acromial end肩峰端;ⅱ Scapula 肩胛骨;ⅱ Scapula 肩胛骨;Three borders;Superior border : scapular notch 肩胛切迹 coracoid process 喙突 ;Superior: opposite to the 2nd rib Inferior: opposite to the 7th rib or 7th intercostals space Lateral: glenoid cavity 关节盂 supra- and infraglenoid tubercles 盂上、下结节;Right scapula. Lateral surface;;Ⅱ）Bones of free upper limb ;anterior view;anterior view;Capitulum of humerus 肱骨小头 Trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车 radial fossa 桡窝 coronoid fossa 冠突窝 olecranon fossa 鹰嘴窝 ;ⅱ Radius 桡骨;;ⅲ Ulnar 尺骨 ;Carpal bones 腕骨(8) 舟月三角豆;大小头状钩 Metacarpal bones掌骨(5): base (proximally) 底 shaft 体 head (distally) 头 Phalanges of fingers 指骨(14): base (proximally) 底 shaft 体 trochlea of phalanx (distally) 滑车 ;Ⅱ Bones of Lower Limb; Each hip bone actually consists of three separate bones: the ilium髂骨,the ischium坐骨, and the pubis耻骨.Before puberty the bones are separated by a cartilage, and fuse at the age of 15-17.;;; Composition: Ala of ilium 髂骨翼 Body of ilium 髂骨体;ⅰ） ilium 髂骨;ⅰ） ilium 髂骨; ⅱ） ischium 坐骨 Body of ischium 坐骨体 ischial spine 坐骨棘 greater sciatic notch 坐骨大切迹 lesser sciatic notch 坐骨小切迹 Ramus of ischium 坐骨支 ischial tuberosity 坐骨结节; ;Acetabulum 髋臼 formed by bodies of ischium, ilium and pubis Lunate surface 月状面 acetabular fossa 髋臼窝 acetabular notch 髋臼切迹; ;femoral head 股骨头 fovea of femoral head 股骨头凹 neck of femur 股骨颈（易骨折） greater trochanter 大转子 lesser trochanter 小转子 intertrochanteric line 转子间线 intertrochanteric crest 转子间嵴;Fracture of the femoral neck;popliteal surface 腘面 ;medial condyle 内侧髁 lateral condyle 外侧髁 medial epicondyle 内上髁 lateral epicondyle 外上髁 intercondylar fossa 髁间窝 patellar surface