欧盟船舶污染防治治理 The European Union as an Actor in the Governance ofPrevention of Vessel-Source Pollution：its Internal Influence as well as a Source of Inspirations for China.pptVIP

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欧盟船舶污染防治治理 The European Union as an Actor in the Governance ofPrevention of Vessel-Source Pollution：its Internal Influence as well as a Source of Inspirations for China.ppt

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欧盟船舶污染防治治理 The European Union as an Actor in the Governance ofPrevention of Vessel-Source Pollution：its Internal Influence as well as a Source of Inspirations for China

7th Annual Colloquium of the IUCN Academy of Environmental Law - Wuhan 2009 - Nengye LIU, PhD Candidate, Faculty of Law, Ghent University The European Union as an Actor in the Governance of Prevention of Vessel-Source Pollution: its Internal Influence as well as a Source of Inspirations for China LIU Nengye 1. Prevention of Vessel-Source Pollution: the EU and International Law 2. Legal Instruments for the Internal Influence of the EU 3. Port State Control in Europe 4. Final Conclusions The EU and Shipping The market share of the fleet controlled by European shipowners has stayed at around 34% of the world tonnage for the last ten years. This represents a transport capacity of over 257 million tonnes. In terms of tonnage, 67% of this fleet is registered outside the EU. The EU has 35 000 km of coastline and hundreds of seaports. Every year some 2 billion tonnes of cargo pass through European ports. 90% of all oil trade with the EU is sea-borne, while almost 70% of EU imports pass the shores of Brittany and the English Channel. IMO EC: a difficult relation? On 23 March 1998, the Council of the EU decided to conclude the LOSC Convention and the 1994 Implementation Agreement LOSC recognizes the IMO as the only competent organization to develop safety and environmental measures for international shipping. MARPOL 73/78 is the most important convention to prevent operational discharges. EC can not become an IMO-member, only observer EC can not become a party to IMO-conventions, only MS Coastal state, port states and flag states have important competences: implementation enforcement by MS IMO has no enforcement mechanism towards parties, EC has (Commission and ECJ) towards its MS EC ‘public’ enforcement powers The EC Treaty has,among its core tasks, the commitment to ensure a high level of the protection and the improvement of the quality of the environment, including marine environment, among the EU Member States The European Commission is entrus