课件虚拟语气用法及动词形式.docVIP

用法及动词?形式 　　1、表示与现在?事实相反的?情况： 　　从句：If 主语+过去时(Be动词用?were) 　　主句：主语+shoul?d/would?/could?/might?+do 　　eg：　 　　1．If I were you,I would? take an umbre?lla. 　　如果我是你?，我会带把伞?。（事实：我不可能是?你） 　　2．If I knew his telep?hone numbe?r,I would? tell you. 　　如果我知道?他的电话号?码，我就会告诉?你。（事实：不知道） 　　3．If there? were no air or water?,there? would? be no livin?g thing?s on the earth?. 　　如果没有水?和空气，地球上就不?会有生物。(事实：地球上既有?空气也有水?) 　　4．If I had any money? with me,I could? lend you some. 　　如果我带钱?了，我就会借给?你些。（事实：没有带钱） 　　5．If he studi?ed harde?r,he might? pass the exam. 　　如果他再努?力些，就能通过考?试了。（事实：没有努力） 　　6．she looke?d at me as if I had been a stran?ger. 　　她看我的样?子好像我是?一个陌生人?。（事实：我并非陌生?人）　 　　2、表示与过去?事实相反的?情况 　　从句：If 主语+had+done 　　主句：主语+shoul?d/would?/could?/might?+have done　 　　eg： 　　1． If I had got there? earli?er,I shoul?d/could? have met her. 如果我早到?那儿，我就会见到?她。 　　（事实：去晚了） 　　2．If he had taken? my advic?e,he would? not have made such a mista?ke. 如果他听我?的劝告的话?，就不会犯这?样的错误了?。 　　（事实：没有听我的?话） 　　3、表示对将来?情况的主观?推测 　　从句：①if+主语+were to do 主句：①主语+shoul?d/would?/could?/might?+do 　　②if+主语+did/were ②主语+shoul?d/would?/could?/might?+do　 　　③if+主语+shoul?d+do ③主语+shoul?d/would?/could?/might?+do　 　　eg： 　　1．If he shoul?d come here tomor?row,I would? talk to him. 　　如果他明天?来这儿的话?，我就跟他谈?谈。（事实：来的可能性?很小） 　　2．If there? were a heavy? snow next Sunda?y,we would? not go skati?ng. 　　如果下周日?下大雪，我们就不能?去滑冰了。（事实：下雪可能性?很小） 　　3．If she were to be here next Monda?y,I would? tell her about? the matte?r. 　　如果她下周?一来这儿的?话，我就会告诉?她这件事的?始末。（事实：来的可能性?很小） 　　4、 有时，虚拟条件句?中，结果主句和?条件从句的?谓语动作若?不是同时发?生时，虚拟语气的?形式应作相?应的调整。这种条件句?叫错综条件?句。 　　①从句的动作?与过去事实?相反，而主句的动?作与现在或?现在正在发?生的事实不?符。 　　eg： 　　If I had worke?d hard at schoo?l,I would? be an engin?eer,too. 　　如果我在学?校学习刻苦?的话，我现在也会?成为一个工?程师了 　　If they had infor?med us,we would? not come here now. 　　如果他们通?知过我们的?话，我们现在就?不会来这里?了。 　　②从句的动作?与现在事实?相反，而主句的动?作与过去事?实不符。 　　如： 　　If he were free today?,we would? have sent him to Beiji?ng. 　　如果他今天?有空的话，我们会已经?派他去北京?了。 　　If he knew her,he would? have g