dosage forms 药学英语.pptVIP

Unit 3 Pharmaceutics Text A Dosage forms;Oil-to-water partition coefficient（油水分配系数） ratio of concentrations of a compound in the two phases of a mixture of two immiscible （不混溶的）solvents at equilibrium. water---------------------hydrophilic（亲水的） octanol（辛醇）------ hydrophobic（疏水的）; first-pass effect(首过效应) a phenomenon of drug metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug is greatly reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation. It is the fraction of lost drug during the process of absorption which is generally related to the liver and gut wall. ;Gut lumen(肠腔) → gut wall（肠道壁） → portal vein（门静脉） → liver（肝脏） →systemic circulation（体循环）;; Dissolution（溶出） Drug liberation from solid forms, such as tablets, granules, capsules etc. drugs in formulation disintegrate particles of solid drug release drugs dissolving in the body fluids absorb drugs absorbed into the blood ;Introduction;Significance of dosage form design;dosage form can alter the toxic and side effects controlled release preparations of theophylline（茶碱） some dosage forms have targeting effect targeted drug delivery system(靶向给药系统） dosage forms can directly affect efficacy ; dosage form：pharmaceutical dosage forms are drug delivery system. is the physical form of a dose of a chemical compound used as a drug or medication intended for administration or consumption. Gaseous dosage forms: aerosol(气雾剂) Liquid dosage forms: solution，emulsion（乳液），syrup，injection，lotion（洗剂），suspension（混悬剂） Semisolid dosage forms: gels(凝胶剂)，creams（乳膏），ointments（软膏剂），pastes（糊剂） Solid dosage forms: tablet，capsule，pills(丸剂)，powders（散剂） ;;Effervesent tablet（泡腾片）;Buccal tablet(口含片);Sublingual tablet（舌下片）;Enteric coated tablet（肠溶片、肠衣片）;Hard capsule;Soft capsule;Suspension（混悬剂）;Emulsions（乳剂