石家庄市极端气温指数变化特征及城市化影响.docxVIP

石家庄市极端气温指数变化特征及城市化影响韩军彩，钤伟妙，李丽燕，刁树峰( 河北省石家庄市气象局，河北 石家庄 050081)摘 要: 利用石家庄市 16 个县气象站和石家庄市区气象站( 简称石家庄站) 1972 － 2012 年的逐日最高、最低气温资料，采用线性趋势、Mann － Kendall 突变检验方法分析了石家庄市极端气温指数的时 空演变特征及城市化对石家庄站极端气温指数趋势变化的影响。结果表明: 石家庄市极端高温事件 多发中心位于石家庄站及西南部地区，极端低温事件多发中心位于东北部地区; 大部分站点极端低温事件呈减少的变化趋势，而极端高温事件则呈增多的变化趋势。在年代际变化上，石家庄市的冷 夜日数和冷昼日数总体上呈减少的趋势，而暖夜日数和暖昼日数则呈明显增多的趋势。除了冷昼日 数突变不明显外，其它极端气温指数均在 1990 年前后发生了突变。城市化使得石家庄站冷夜日数 和冷昼日数显著减少，暖夜日数和暖昼日数显著增多，四季中春季的冷昼日数和暖昼日数城市化影响最明显，夏季的暖夜日数城市化影响最明显，而冷夜日数的城市化影响在冬季最明显，且夜间和白 天极端气温指数城市化影响程度存在明显差异，这可能与城市热岛效应的非对称性有关。关键词: 极端气温指数; 时空变化特征; 城市化影响中图分类号: P45文献标志码: ACharacteristics of the extreme temperature indices variation andurbanization effect in ShijiazhuangHAN Juncai，QIAN Weimiao，LI Liyan，DIAO Shufeng( Shijiazhuang Meteorological Bureau of Hebei Province，Shijiazhuang 050081，China)Abstract: Based on daily maximum and minimum temperature data of 16 county stations and 1 city district station ofShijiazhuang City，the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of extreme temperature indices and urbanization effect were analyzed by use of linear trend and Mann-Kendall mutation test． The results show that， extreme high-temperature event centers mainly occur in the station of Shijiazhuang city district and the urban south-western area，while extreme low-temperature event centers in the urban north-eastern area． The extreme low-temperature event presents a decrease trend and the extreme high-temperature event presents an increase trend in most areas． In ten years scale， the cold nights and cold days decrease， while the warm nights and warm days increase significantly． The extreme temperature indices had an abrupt change around 1990 except the cold days． Due to theurbanization effect，the cold nights and the cold days significantly decrease，and the warm nights and warm dayssignificantly increase． The urbanization effects on cold days and warm days are mainly in spring，on warm nights is mainly in summer，and on cold nights is mainly in winter． The urbanization e