Update on prescription and over the counter histamine inverse agonists in rhinitis therapy英文电子书.pdf

Update on Prescription and Over-the-Counter Histamine Inverse Agonists in Rhinitis Therapy Lawrence DuBuske, MD, and Krzysztof Kowal, MD Corresponding author without rhinitis or asthma [2–5]. Moreover, AR often is Lawrence DuBuske, MD associated with comorbid asthma and, if not managed Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, properly, exacerbates other conditions, including acute/ 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. E-mail: ldubuske@partners.org chronic sinusitis, recurrent nasal polyposis, otitis media, sleep apnea, respiratory infections, and asthma [6]. Tra- Current Allergy and Asthma Reports 2009, 9:140–148 Current Medicine Group LLC ISSN 1529-7322 ditionally, AR has been classii ed as seasonal (SAR) or Copyright © 2009 by Current Medicine Group LLC perennial (PAR), depending on the time of occurrence during the year and the nature of the major allergens triggering the symptoms. A classii cation of intermit- Allergic rhinitis (AR) is associated with histamine- tent or persistent AR, based on symptom duration, was mediated physiologic events. The currently used recently proposed by the Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact histamine antagonists are all inverse agonists that on Asthma (ARIA) group in collaboration with the World bind and inactivate histamine H1 receptors. Sec- Health Organization [7]. ond-generation antihist