意向性研究的心灵哲学进路.docVIP

意向性研究的心灵哲学进路 高新民 【专题名称】外国哲学【专 题 号】B6【复印期号】2009年01期【原文出处】《学术月刊》(沪)2008年10期第47～55页【英文标题】Intentionality Research in Philosophy of Mind【作者简介】高新民，华中师范大学哲学系教授、博士生导师。（武汉 430079） 【内容提要】 现当代西方的意向性研究呈现出两大走向。以分析哲学和认知科学等为基础的英美心灵哲学沿着不同于传统和现象学意向性理论的路径，不仅创新了自己的话语体系和言说方式，而且在保留、挖掘传统意向性问题的基础上开辟了新的发展方向和研究领域，并形成了自己独具一格的研究方法和进路。在揭示意向性的个体性根源的过程中，内在主义、外在主义、内容二元论、二因素论和“修正主义”各自按照自己的方法和运思路线进行着意向性活体解剖，并在激烈争论中实现了认识的跨越式发展。在根据自然科学成果说明意向性的本体论地位和存在现状的过程中，诞生了意向取消论、生物学自然主义、信息语义学、因果协变理论、目的论语义学和功能作用理论等新颖别致的理论。对意向性因果相关性、非存在对象和宽心灵观等的探讨，不仅深化了该领域的研究，而且为解决有关的形而上学、认识论乃至具体科学的问题积累了大量宝贵的资料与启迪。Modern and contemporary Western intentionality research has emerged two trends. English-American philosophy of mind based on analytical philosophy and Cognitive Science, which follows the route with different traditions and phenomenal Intentionality theory, has not only created its own language system and ways of expressing oneself but also raised many issues, opened up new development and research fields and developed the unique way of deepening intentionality research on the basis of keeping and developing worthwhile traditions in intentionality research. In the course of revealing the individuality origin of intentionality, Internalism, Externalism, Content Dualism, Dual Factors and Revisionism have, according to their own ways and the train of thought, carried on intentionality vivisection, and accomplished the greatleap-forward development in recognition in heated argument. Intentional Eliminativism, Biological Naturalism, Informational Semantics, Covariance, Teleological Semantics and Functional Theory have emerged in the process of explaining the Noumena Position and the existing form of intentionality with natural science findings, The exploration of the intentional cause and effect interrelationship, no-being and wide mind theory have not only improved the research in this field but evolved a large number of valuable materials and inspiration for solving the problems of metaphysics, epistemology and specifi