新编英语教程5 翻译(重点段落).docVIP

Unit one 1)英语中有大量的词汇，是一门十分灵活的语言，陈述事物有很多种方法。但即使是意义接近的词语之间也有不同程度的微妙差别。作为学生，对于这些差别必须了如指掌。通过使用字典，最重要的是通过阅读，它可以增强对这些细微差别的判断力，提高准确表达自己思想的能力。 English has a wide vocabulary and it is a very flexible language. There are many different ways of making a statement. But words that are very similar in meaning have fine shades of difference, and a student needs to be alive to these differences. By using his dictionary, and above all by reading, a student can increase his sensitivity to these shades of difference and improve his ability to express his own meaning exactly. 2)当学习英语的外国学生得知英语中竟有四十多万单词,（尚未包括哩语）时,他们可能会丧失信心和勇气，但是他们应该鼓起勇气，因为超过半数的单词,早已被历史所淘汰，现在已经不流通。即使是莎士比亚也只使用了大概两万单词而已。现在的英国人平均词汇量大概在一万二千到一万三千左右。 The foreign student of English may be discouraged and dismayed when he learns that there are over 400,000 words in the English language, without counting slang. But let him take courage. More than half of these words are dead. They are not in current use. Even Shakespeare used a vocabulary of only some 200,000 words. The average Englishman today probably has a vocabulary range of from 12,000 to 13,000 words. 3)瑞雪教授曾经指出：“世上并没有同义词。同样一句话绝不能用改变了形式的词来重新表达。”这样说也许是太绝对了，但要想驳倒却也不大容易。在句子措词中即使是微小的变化也会微妙地改变意思。 Professor Raleigh once stated: “There are no synonyms, and the same statement can never be repeated in a changed form of words.” This is perhaps too absolute, but it is not easy to disprove. Even a slight alteration in the wording of a statement can subtly shift the meaning. 4)尽可能地充实你的词汇量当然是件好事，但实际上如果拥有一万单词，你就可以满足大量的口头和书面表达的需要了。问题在于要对你所懂得的词汇了如指掌才能运用自如。准确地掌握两个词胜过含糊地懂得三个。 It is good to make your vocabulary as complete as you can, but a great deal can be said and written with a vocabulary of no more than 10,000 words. The important thing is to have a good control and command over the words you do know. Better know two words exactly than three vaguely. 5)你曾见过一个笨手笨脚的人把钉子钉进箱子里吗？他先把钉子敲到一边，然后又敲到另一边，可能把它完全敲弯了，结果钉子只钉进了一半。但是一个灵巧的木工每次都能准确的敲到钉头上，只需熟练有力的几下，就能把钉子钉进去。语言也是这样，好的语言工匠会选择能确切表达意思的词。一个力求文字精练明