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Important Literary Terms I Literary Schools Groups Beat Generation is a term used to describe a group of American writers who came to prominence in the late 1950s, and also the cultural phenomena that they wrote about and inspired (later sometimes called beatniks): a rejection of mainstream American values, experimentation with drugs and alternate forms of sexuality, and an interest in Eastern spirituality.The major works of Beat writing are Allen Ginsbergs Howl (1956), William S. Burroughss Naked Lunch (1959) and Jack Kerouacs On the Road (1957). Formalism refers to critical approaches that analyze, interpret, or evaluate the inherent features of a text. The formalist approach reduces the importance of a text’s historical, biographical, and cultural context.Two important schools of formalism are Russian formalism and Anglo-American New Criticism. Imagism was a movement in early 20th-century Anglo-American poetry that favored precision of imagery, and clear, sharp language. The Imagists rejected the sentiment and discursiveness typical of much Romantic and Victorian poetry. British poet Richard Aldington and American poet Ezra Pound are major imagist poets. Lost Generation is a phrase made popular by American author Ernest Hemingway in his first published novel The Sun Also Rises.[1] Often it is used to refer to a group of American literary notables who lived in Paris and other parts of Europe, some after military service in the First World War. Figures identified with the Lost Generation include authors and poets Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, Sherwood Anderson, Waldo Peirce, and John Dos Passos. Metaphysical Poets were a loose group of British lyric poets of the 17th century, who shared an interest in metaphysical concerns and a common way of investigating them. Major metaphysical poets are John Donne, George Herbert, Andrew Marvell. Modernism is an omnibus term for a number of tendencies in the arts which were prominent in th