句子的种类备课2.docVIP

句子的种类 简单句 一个简单句里只有一个主谓结构（有时可能会有并列的主语或谓语），而谓语又一定是需要限定动词的，因此，通过对限定动词的识别，可以帮助我们判断一个句子是不是简单句，找出其基本结构中缺少或多余的成分。请看以下例句： I saw him walking to the office this morning and looking eager to get there and start work. （saw 是限定动词；walking，looking，to get，start都是非限定性动词，即非谓语动词。） While cutting trees，one man was nearly killed by a falling tree. （was是限定动词；cutting，killed，falling是非限定动词。） You can either stay here or come with us. （stay，come都是非限定动词；can是情态动词，can stay or come作谓语。） 并列句 并列连词及其使用 常用的并列连词（或称等立连词）有：and，or，but，for，not only...but（also），either...or，nether...nor，both...and. 除for以外的并列连词都可以用来连接一个单句里的两个并列成分，例如： Jenny and I are good friends。 We run，jump and shout for joy together. （当有两个以上的并列成分时，一般只在最后两者之间用连词。） We go for a walk or watch TV after supper.。 The bike is quite old but in excellent condition． Either your answer or mine is wrong． 除both...and以外的并列连词还可用来连接两个简单句（或称并列分句），构成并列句。 She was often late and everybody knew，but no one asked why. The old lady doesnt go out in the winter， for she feels the cold a great deal. Not only is the teacher himself interested h the subject but a11 his students are beginning to show an interest in it. 连接并列分句的其它手段 when／where偶尔也可作并列连词；如： I was walking down the street when I remembered that I had forgotten my umbrella.（when ＝ and then） Last night I went to the theatre where I saw Toms parents，（where = and there） 副词yet，的和then可以连接并列分句： The tongue is not steel，yet it cuts. I’m busy today，so can you come tomorrow？ Go into the cave，then they wont see you. 还可用分号“；”。如： It may be possible or not；however，we shall understand. I’ve never been to Berlin；therefore I dont know much about it. 并列分句的排列顺序 必须考虑各分句之间的逻辑关系及其时间上的先后顺序，具体情况具体分析。 有些并列的分句可以相互颠倒，并不影响所表达的句意，如： Everyone was in the classroom and the doors were closed. （＝The doors were c1osed and everyone was in the classroom.） 多数并列句里的分句不能相互颠倒。如： Most of us were in the classroom，the doors were closed and the late comers had to wait Outside． （为说明门