Grammar_12_并列句.docxVIP

并列句并列句概述含有两个或两个以上的独立分句的句子叫并列句。这些独立分句处于平等的、互不依从的并列地位。英语并列句不能只用逗号隔开（较短的句子例外），而且需要用分号或并列连接词连接，连词前可用或不用逗号。另外，一个句子中如果有两个以上的并列分句，而且要用同样的并列连词时，通常只在最后一个句子前用这个连词，其他分句之间用逗号。Tom went to college but Jack joined the army.Henry has already left, Sally is going to leave, but I havent made any decision yet.Any medicine can be dangerous; for example, even aspirin can cause illness.连接词and连接词and 表示平行、顺接、转折、让步、对照、评注等，Her brother is an engineer and her sister is a painter.（表示平行）She did a good job, and so she deserved to be praised.（表示因果）He tried hard, and he failed to get it done on time.(=and yet) （表示转折）Alice is clever and Jane is dull. (=but表示对比)He didnt come to the party, and thats a pity.（表示评注）One more word and Ill knock you flat.（表示条件和结果）He closed the window, turned off the light and left the room.（表示顺接）He cant keep the flowers alive and he has watered them well, too.（=Although he has watered…)（表示让步）*********NOTE*********1.在nice and cosy, good and cool, fine and joyful, rare and beautiful, good and mad, good and tired, good and dark, fine and strong, nice and high, rare and hungry, rare and happy等结构中，and 前的形容词实质上起副词作用，修饰后面的形容词，表示强调。It is good and cool in the evening. (= very cool)She would make you rare and happy. (=very happy)2.at once…and意为“既…又”，常同both…and , equally…and, alike…and换用。但不可说both…as well as。He is at once / both / equally a poet and a statesman.他既是诗人又是政治家。3.and可以放在句首，表示语义增进、因果、转折、承接等关系，or和but 也可位于句首起承接作用。And he told her what had happened.于是他告诉她发生了什么事。4.try(go, come)＋and＋另一动词结构相当于try(go, come…)to do, and相当于不定式符号to,表示目的等。Try and be there on time.尽量准时到那里。Come and have a chat.来聊聊天。You can wait and see.你等着瞧吧。Mind and write to her.这种用法中，try只能用原形，不能以tries, tried或trying 形式出现。5.and 可以用在分词短语和介词短语等前，表示一种附加情况，相当于汉语中的“而且”。They were too tired to walk on, and night coming on too.他们累得走不动了，而且天也晚了。She accepted it at once and with evident pleasure.她立刻接受了它，而且显然很高兴。在下面一句中，and = and at the same time，You can not eat your cake and have it.你不能又吃糕饼，同时又拥有它。连接词but、yet连接词but和yet表示转折或对照，意为“但是，然而”。I