过去分词作表语.docVIP

过去分词用法总结： 过去分词作表语 作表语用的过去分词表示主语的特点或所处的状态,强调主谓关系。这种结构中的过去分词前可加quite, very, rather等修饰词。系动词可有多种,表示不同的意义;被动语态表示动作,强调动宾关系,绝大多数被动结构中的行为执行者还可以用by短语来表示。 (1) 过去分词做表语与被动语态的差异: ① The store is now closed .(系表) The library is usually closed at 8:00 p.m. (被动) ② The novel is well written . (系表) The novel is written by LuXun . (被动) 某些过去分词作表语,多半用来表示人物所处的心理状态或情感变化, 其主 语多半是人。 这类过去分词通常为下列过去分词: delighted, devoted, discouraged , astonished, frightened, excited, inspired, encouraged, interested, contented, pleased, puzzled, satisfied, tired, worried, ect . 这些分词几乎都可以看作形容词, 其中很多可以被very修饰. A. On hearing the good news everyone was very excited . B. We are very pleased at the news . 需要注意的地方： 1. 多数情况下，如果主语是人，表语使用过去分词，； 如果主语是事或物，表语使用现在分词。但事实上，当表示主语处于某种状态中，即“感到/觉得、、、、”，表语要使用过去分词时，所以有时主语是物时也可；而要表示主语“具有令人/使别人感到、、、、、、的特征/性质”，表语使用现在分词，包括有时主语是人时也行。 He is terrifying他很吓人。（指他的长相或举动令人害怕)。 He is terrified. 他很害怕。 Please describe a dog that is frightened. 请描述一只惊恐的狗（狗受到了惊吓）。 Please describe a dog that is frightening.请描述一只令人害怕的狗。 2. get done 也可构成被动语态，在意义上接近于 be done .例如： He right hand got burnt in that big fire. 他的右手在那场大火中被烧伤了。 She got murdered last year. 去年她被人谋杀了。 get done 表状态 练习： 1. What an ___ game ! I’m really ___ at it . A. excited, exciting B. exciting, excited C. excited, exciting D. exciting, exciting 2. The ground is ___ with the ___ leaves . A. covering, falling B. covered, falling C. covered, fallen D. covering, fallen 3. We are all ___ to see that ___ child . A. pleasing, smiled B. pleasing, smiling C. pleased, smiling D. pleased, smiling He got____about losing the money. A. worried B. worrying 5. There was an _________ look on his face when the actress appeared. A. excited B. excite C. exciting D. Excitement 6. After the heavy rain， many cars got ________ in the mud. A. catch B. catching C. caught D.