科举制度与唐朝社会发展.doc

科举制度与唐朝社会发展 孙俊峰，法学院 摘 要：科举制度是中国古代封建王朝选拔官吏的一种制度，是中国古代政治制度的核心组成部分。科举制度创立于隋朝，完善于唐朝，并被以后的历代统治者所沿用。唐代确立并完善了科举取士的制度，这对唐朝以及后世的社会文化发展产生了深远的影响，科举制度已经超越了其作为一种政治制度的范围。唐朝科举制度常设的科目有很多，其中以进士科为主要科目，最为统治者和士人所重视。科举制度之所以能在中国延续一千多年，是因为科举制度本身有着强大的生命力。唐朝科举制度自实行之初起，其考试内容及考试标准等一系列规定就是不断变化的，随着时代的发展、社会背景的变更而不断进行调整。社会文化的积极发展可以说是科举制度得以延续的基础，而科举制度的盛行又极大得促进了社会文化的繁荣。 关键词：唐朝；科举制度；社会发展 Tang Dynasty Imperial Examination System and Social Development SunJunfeng, School of law Abstract: Examination system is a system of feudal dynasties in ancient China the selection of officials, is a core component of ancient Chinese political system. Founded in the Sui Dynasty imperial examination system, perfect in the Tang Dynasty, and was later adopted by the rulers. Establish and improve the Tang Dynasty Imperial Examination system, which is the social and cultural development of the Tang Dynasty, and later had a profound impact on the imperial examination system has gone beyond its scope as a political institution. Standing Tang imperial examination system has many subjects, which is the main subject of Imperial, most rulers and scholars attention. Examination system has been able to continue in China over a thousand years, because the imperial system itself has a strong vitality. Tang imperial examination system since the beginning of the implementation of its series of regulations and examination standards exam content is changing, with the changing era of development, social background and constantly adjust. Positive development of social culture can be said to be the basis of the continuation of the imperial examination system, and the prevalence of the imperial examination system was also greatly promoted the prosperity of society and culture. Key words: Tang ; imperial examination system ; Social Development 科举制度创立于隋朝，隋亡后唐王朝承袭了这种制度并对其进一步完善，至此，科举固定下来作为中国古代选拔官吏的主要制度。科举制度是先秦诸子选贤举能思想的社会产物，是儒家“学而优则仕”思想的社会政治制度的体现，是适应庶族地主经济发展而产生的一种政治制度。科举对于唐朝的社会发展有着深远的影响，它最大的意义是打破了旧有选官制度的门第身份限制，为庶族地主和寒门士子步入朝堂，跻身统治阶层提供了途