Manhattan Sentence Correction 笔记.docx

The basic process (平均1分20秒一个问题，永远不要超过两分钟)Take a first glance: 看划线句子的长度: 很长说明可能结构什么的有问题看划线句子的第一个单词和之前的一个单词找出答案中选项的不同之处在哪里(主要看第一个或第二个单词)，并以此将他们分组Read for meaning: 读原句，注意grammatical mistake→若注意到原句的错误就可以划去A和其他重复这个错误的其他答案注意meaning是否无歧义(尝试rephrase)/是否用词冗余Find a starting point:读原句，notice a (suspected) mistake in the original sentence→看答案有没有对他进行改正的选项读答案，find some splits/differences in the answer setEliminate all incorrect choicesFind a new starting point and repeat step 3 4处理原句中的错误纵向对比剩余的答案，寻找不同之处→将不同之处与原文未划线部分比较，判断哪个更好的传达了原文的意思举例子可以用such as, for example, including; 不能用like (is used to indicate a similarity between two or more things)两大原则：Grammar: 可能会和日常的spoken English不同Five grammatical terms needed to know:Clause: a set of words that contains a subject and a working verbIndependent clause: 句子Dependent clause: cannot stand alone as a sentence→ sentence fragmentModifier: provides additional information in a sentence, beyond the core subject and verb 修饰语nonessential modifier: are usually separated out from the rest of the sentence by commas.essential modifier: necessary in order to understand the meaning of the sentenceSentence core: consists of any independent clauses along with some essential modifiers. This is the bare minimum needed in order to have a coherent sentenceConjunction: words that help to stick parts of sentences togetherCoordinating conjunctions: glue two independent clauses togetherSubordinating conjunctions: connect modifiers to independent clausesMarker: a flag or clue that a certain kind of issue is being testedMeaning: 包括了convey precise meaning和避免冗余 (preference other than rule)The choice of wordEconomic: 经济上的，经济的,=monetaryEconomical: 节约的，合算的My decision to drive a hybrid car was motivated by ECONOMIC considerationsECONOMICAL considerations motivated my decision to drive a hybrid car→第二句是错的，因为economic consideration=monetary consideration意指经济上的愿意，不应该用economical consideration其他类似的词意相似但不能互换的词包括：aggravate (worsen) vs. aggravating (irritating)known as (named) v