商务英语句法特点6.pptVIP

Passive Voice 商务英语合同的语旨是要阐述客观事物的本质特征，描述其发生、发展及变化过程，表述客观事物间的联系，所以其主体一般是客观事物或自然现象，因此，被动语态也就得以大量为这样的文本侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确，第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态。 Passive Voice 例1: The Appendix hereto shall，through the contract period，be deemed to be construed as an integral part of this Contract． 译文: 整个合同期间，本合同附件应理解为合同不可分割的一部分。 句中的be deemed 和to be construed 都属于被动结构。 This term may be used irrespective of the mode of transport including multimodal transport. If subsequent carriers are used for the carriage to the agreed destination, the risk passes when the goods have been delivered to the first carrier. 非限定动词多(Nonfinite Verbs) Nonfinite Verbs：gerund, infinitive, present participle and past participle 非限定动词虽然不能单独作谓语，但仍然保留原有动词的某些性质，可以用状语来修饰。如前所述，商务英语合同文本行文简练，结构紧凑，为此，往往使用分词短语代替定语从句或状语从句; 使用分词独立结构代替状语从句或并列分句; 使用不定式短语代替各种从句; 介词十动名词短语代替定语从句或状语句。这样可缩短句子，又比较醒目。 非限定动词多 At the request of Party B，Party A agrees to send technicians to assist Party B to install the equipment． 中的to assist Party B 和to install the equipment 使句子的意思明明白白，“同意派遣技术人员帮助乙方安装设备”。 This means that the buyer bears all risks and any additional costs occurring after the goods have been so delivered. The buyer wish to have the protection of greater cover, he would either need to agree as much expressly with the seller or to make his own extra insurance arrangements. Nominalization 名词化结构多。使用名词化结构是商务英语合同的特点之一。因为科技英语文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实而非某一行为。为使行文简洁，商务英语合同中多用表示动作或状态的抽象名词或起名词功用的V － ing 形式以及名词短语结构。 Nominalization 例2: The submission to and consent by the Engineer of such programs or the provision of such general descriptions or cash flow estimates shall not relieve the Contractor of any of his duties or responsibilities under the Contract． 译文: 向工程师提交并同意的上述进度计划或提供上述一般说明或现金流量估算，并不解除合同规定的承包人的任何义务或责任。 。 本句中submission 与consent，provision，descriptions duties ， responsibilities 都是抽象名词与后面的介词构成名词化结构. If the seller is responsible for clearing the goods, paying duties etc., consideration should be given to using the DDP