GRE课堂补充材料(原字体).docVIP

1. 总述错误Merely based on the unsound reasoning, the author hastily makes the fallacious and absurd conclusion, The deduction results from the following major reasons(), the author makes such egregious flaws as cause and effect, false analogy, insufficient investigation and analyses. 2. 提出因果错误The author commits the “cause and effect” fallacy. It’s arbitrary for the author to draw the conclusion that () will inevitably result in (结果). Nevertheless, other relevant reasons might have caused the effect as well. For example (给出其他原因). Moreover, it’s highly possible that the aforementioned reason has nothing to do with the alleged result. 3. 提出数据调查错误:3.1)数量不充分In addition, there is a severe weakness in the statistical investigation. The amount of the sample is not ample enough to support the analyses. 数字 can hardly represent the entire 情况 3.2)数据不确切What’s more, the vaguely usage of “many, a large amount” is too subjective to insinuate a large proportion of the sample. It’s highly possible that they investigated 6000, however the entire… is around 6 million. The general analysis of the insufficient sample is not enough to adumbrate the local characteristics. It might be effective that the scenario in this local phenomenon is drastically different.3.3 调查如何进行: 3.3.1)选项问题On the other hand, it’s imperative that we should pay attention to the carriage of the investigation ----whether the questionnaire represents the investigators’ subjective propensity. For instance, he might have only put one or two choices in favor of his judgment leaving little space for the objective selections. Maybe the choice is just whether your sleeping time exceeds 6 hours. For the concerns of personal interest, he twisted/obscured the truth. 3.3.2) 是否匿名问题Besides, it is momentous that the proceeding should be conducted in an unbiased format. For example, provided that the investigation is not anonymous, the credibility of the results must be highly dubious. 4. 提出错误类比 The author hastily makes the conc