8Francis Bacon-课件（PPT-精）.pptVIP

Appreciate and analyze Sonnet 29” When, in disgrace with Fortune and men’s eyes, I all alone beweep my outcast state, And trouble deaf heaven with my bootless cries, And look upon myself and curse my fate, Wishing me like to one more rich in hope, Featured like him, like him with friends possessed, Desiring this man’s art, and that man’s scope, With what I most enjoyed contended least; Yet in these thoughts myself almost despising, Haply I think on thee, and then my state, Like to the lark at break of day arising From sullen earth, sings hymns at heaven’s gate; For thy sweet love rememb’red such wealth brings, That then I scorn to change my state with kings. Francis Bacon (1561-1626) lived from the reign of Elizabeth I to that of James I (1603-1625); a famous philosopher; a famous prose writer; did most of his writings in Latin because of his belief that Latin was the only language that would survive As a philosopher the founder of materialistic philosophy and modern experimental science in England; the “real progenitor” (真正始祖) of English materialism and the whole modern experimental science; His major philosophical works: The Advancement of Learning (1605); The New Instrument (1620) Both these two works were dedicated to James I who gave support to his project for scientific research; The New Instrument: the central objective of which is to introduce the inductive method as against the deductive method into the study of science and natural philosophy; the inductive method: General principles to be formulated upon the basis of the observation of specific facts; the deductive method: General principles are first laid down and then particular facts are explained according to these principles As a literary man The New Atlantis (1626) a utopian novel; a mythical island, Bensalem in the Pacific Ocean; Bacon’s conception of an ideal state; as a utopian novel, it falls far short of the much greater Utopia (1516) of Thomas More (1478-1535) Essays /bacon/index.