英语语法-分词课件.pptVIP

1、独立主格结构常放在句首。表示时间、条件、原因时，其作用分别相当于个时间、条件、原因状语从名句。表示伴随方式时，相当于一个并列句。如： Supper finished (=After supper was finished), we started to discuss the picnic.?? 吃完晚饭，我们开始讨论野餐的事。 All the tickets having been sold out (=As all the tickets having been sold out), we had to wait for the next week’s show.?? 所有的票都卖出去了，我们只好等着看下周的演出。 2、表示独立主格结构中的being常省略。如： The football match (being) over, crowds of people poured out into the steet.?? 足球赛五结束，从群便涌到大街上。 Nobody (being) in, I didn’t enter the hall.???? 里面没有人，我没进大厅。 3、表示伴随方式的独立主格结构，有时可用“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”的结构来替换。如： He lay there thinking, his hands behind his head (with his hands behind his head).?? 他双手放在头下，躺在那里思考着。 The river looks more beautiful, flowers and grass growing on both sides(=with flowers and grass growing on both sides).?? 这条河看上去更加漂亮，因为两岸长满了鲜花和绿草。 with＋宾语＋宾语补足语的结构是英语中常见常用的结构，其宾语补足语可以是现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、副词、介词短语等，在句中可作定语，也可作状语，表示原因、方式等。如： The children looked at us, with their eyes opening wide.? 孩子们眼睛睁得大大地看着我。 I would miss the train, with no one to wake me up.?? 没人叫我，我会错过火车的。 The river with grass and flowers on both sides runs through our schoolyard.?? 这条两河两岸长满鲜花和绿草正从我们校园穿过。 With the examinations over, we had a long time to rest.?? 考试结束了，我们有一段长长的时间可以休息。 4、有些惯用的分词短语在句里可以没有逻辑上的主语而独立存在，它们往往作为句子的独立成分来修饰全句。如： generally/strictly/roughly/broadly/narrowly speaking, judging from/by, considering, supposing, providing, provided等。如： Talking of the computer, I like it very much.?? 谈到电脑，我非常喜欢。 Considering the time, we have decided to start early tomorrow morning.?? 考试到时间，我们已经决定明早一早出发。 1.There was a terrible noise ____ the sudden burst of light. 　A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 2.The Olympic Games, ____ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until 1912. 　A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 　 3.What’s the language ____ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak