不同柑橘品种落花落果规律调查-柑桔研究所.docVIP

五个代表性柑桔栽培品种的落花落果规律调查 王男麒1,2，彭良志1(， （1国家柑桔工程技术研究中心/，重庆 400712； 2西南大学园艺园林学院，重庆 400700）纽荷尔脐橙沙田柚圆金柑尤力克柠檬 flower and young fruit drop of five typical citrus varieties Wang Nan-qi1,2, Peng Liang-zhi1, Ran Yu1, Xing Fei2, Huang Yi2, Zhou Wei2, Wu Yu-ting2，Diao Li-hua2 (1Citrus Research Institute, Southwest University/National Citrus Engineering Research Center, Chongqing 400712; 2College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Chongqing 400700) Abstract: Characteristics of flower and young fruit drop of 5 typical China citrus varieties, Newhall navel orange (Citrus sinensis L. Osb.cv.Newhall), Okitsu Wase satsuma (Citrus unshiu Marc.cv.Okitsu wase), Shatian pomelo (Citrus grandis Osb.cv. Shatian), Eureka lemon (Citrus limon Burm.f.) and Round kumquat (Fortunella japonica Swingle) , were investigated in 2012. Results showed that the final fruit set ratios were significantly negative correlated with the total numbers of flower buds (P 0.01). The total numbers of dropped flower buds, dropped flowers and dropped fruits were Okitsu Wase satsuma Newhall navel orange Shatian pomelo Round kumquat Eureka lemon, while the total dry weights of those dropped oragens were Newhall navel orange Okitsu Wase satsuma Shatian pomelo Eureka lemon Round kumquat. For Newhall navel orange, Okitsu Wase satsuma and Shatian pomelo, the numbers of fruits dropped during the first physiological drop (FPD) were greater than the second physiological drop (SPD), while it was contrary for Eureka lemon and Round kumquat. Therefore, for Newhall navel orange and Okitsu Wase satsuma, it is necessary to control excessive flowering. Furthermore, it is important to reduce FPD for Newhall navel orange, Okitsu Wase satsuma and Shatian pomelo, while to prevent SPD is important for Eureka lemon and Round kumquat. Keywords: citrus, flower buds drop, flowers drop, young fruits drop 柑桔是我国南方的重要果树，但柑桔花量大、坐果率低，花果的大量脱落使树体损失大量养分[1,2]。因此，研究柑桔花蕾、花和幼果的脱落规律，有助于生产上采取应对措施，以减少树体养分损失和提高产量。前人报道了