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衰老机理的研究概况 摘要：衰老通常是指在正常状况下生物发育成熟后，随年龄增加，自身机能减退，内环境稳定能力与应激能力下降，结构、功能逐步退行性变，趋向死亡，不可逆转的现象。近几十年来人类对于衰老机理的研究不断地发展变化，从传统的中医理论到现代的医学研究，从整体动物水平到细胞和分子水平。衰老是诸多因素共同作用的结果，从传统的中医理论上来说有精气神、肾虚、胃虚弱等，从现代医学理论讲衰老与遗传基因、自身免疫系统、自由基等有关。虽然人类对于衰老的认识已不断地深入，人类的寿命已不断，但目前有关衰老机理的理论各种各样，众说纷纭。相信未来一定会有一个完善的理论出现，带领人们揭示更多衰老的奥秘。 关键词：衰老机理的研究，传统的中医理论，现代医学理论 Abstract: the aging usually refers to the normal condition biological development and mature, with increasing age, their own hypofunction, internal environment stable ability and stress ability has been decreased, the structure, function gradually degenerative changes, tend to death, the phenomenon of irreversible. In recent decades the human aging mechanism for the research development and change constantly, from the traditional Chinese medicine theory to modern medical research, from the overall level of animals to the cell and molecular level. Aging is many factors the result of joint action, from traditional Chinese medicine theory for have the vigor, deficiency of the kidney, stomach weak and so on, from the modern medical theory about aging and genetic genes, their own immune system, free radicals and other relevant. Although mankind to the understanding of the aging has continuously thorough, human life has been constantly, but at present the aging mechanism of various theory, opinions vary. Believe that the future will have a perfect theory appear, leading people to reveal more the mystery of aging. Keywords: aging mechanism research, the traditional Chinese medicine theory, the modern medical theory 意见与反馈 参加有道翻译用户满意度调查！ 1 引言 随着生物技术、分子生物学和现代医学的发展，人类对于衰老的认识也从整体动物水平推进到了细胞和分子水平，在大量实验证据的基础上提出了许多学说，推进了衰老与抗衰老的研究。揭示衰老的机理，探索出高效、安全可靠的抗衰老方法，这就是衰老生物学和老年医学研究的重要领域。??? 2 衰老概念的研究 ??? 衰老又称老化，通常是指在正常状况下生物发育成熟后，随年龄增加，自身机能减退，内环境稳定能力与应激能力下降，结构、功能逐步退行性变，趋向死亡，不可逆转的现象。是生物体细胞、组织、器官在结构及功能上表现出的种种退化。疾病或异常因素可引起病理性衰老（pathological senility），使上述现象提早出现。 ??? 衰老又可分为生理性衰老（physiological senility）及病理性衰老两类，生理性衰老是指生物体自成熟期开始，随增龄发生的、受遗传因素影响的、渐进的全身复杂的形态结构与生理功能不可逆的退行性变化，也称正常衰老。病