【口译资料】法律英语中拉丁词汇.docxVIP

-  PAGE 6 - 法律英语中的拉丁词汇 ab initio （自始，例：void ab initio 自始无效）from the beginning ad hoc （特别；特定；为某一目的特设，例：ah hoc committee 特设委员会；临时委员会；专门委员会）for this purpose ? ad litem （专为某一诉讼目的；例：agent ad litem诉讼代理人）for the lawsuit ? a fortiori （更加，更不必说） according to Webster: with greater reason or more convincing force -- used in drawing a conclusion that is inferred to be even more certain than another. Example: If it is a violation of the sending states rights to arrest its consular official, then a fortiori it would be a violation to arrest its ambassador. ? a posteriori （经验的；归纳的；后验的） from effect to cause; from particular to general; inductive (based on observation or experience). ? a priori （先验的；演绎的） from cause to effect; from generalization to particular; deductive; presupposed by or reasoning from self-evident propositions (based on theory rather than practice). ? amicus curiae （法庭之友） friend of the court; a person with a strong interest in or views on the subject matter of a given legal action may petition the court for permission to file a brief, ostensibly on behalf of a party but actually to suggest a rationale consistent with its own views. Such amicus curiae briefs are commonly filed in appeals concerning matters of a broad public interest. Example: NPC of Iran v. M/T Stolt Sheaf case ? contra legem （违反法律） against the law (term used to describe an equitable decision of a court or tribunal that is contrary to the law governing the controversy.? Such a decision would not normally be permitted unless the tribunal had been empowered to act ex aequo et bono).? As opposed to intra legem. ? de facto （事实；事实上） in fact (as opposed to in law, de jure) ? de lege ferenda （根据拟议法） what the law ought to be (as opposed to what the law is, lex lata). ? de lege lata （根据现行法）what the law is (as opposed to what the law ought to be, de lege ferenda). ? de jure （法理上；法律上） in law (as opposed to in fact, de facto). ? dolus specialis （特殊目的）special intent. In international humanitarian