英语学术论文的写法.pptVIP

3.1.3 Concluding sentences As the ending part of an abstract, concluding sentences usually analyze the results, explain the application, and point out the significance of the research. 3.1.3 Examples (1) In conclusion, we state that… To sum up it may be stated that… It is concluded that… The results of the experiment indicate that… The studies we have performed showed that… The pioneer studies that the authors attempted have indicated in… We carried out several studies which have demonstrated that…. 3.1.3 Examples (2) The research we have done suggests that… The investigation carried out by… has revealed that… Laboratory studies of… did not furnish any information about… All our preliminary results throw light on the nature of… 3.2 Five A(nswer) Strategy (1) It will be easier for you to finish your abstract satisfactorily by answering the following questions: Q1: What is the general knowledge of your topic in the academic field? Q2: What research topic is the paper to focus on? Q3: What method or material do you use to support your main point of view? 3.2 Five A(nswer) Strategy (2) Q4: What conclusion will you draw? Q5: What is the main conclusion of the paper? 3.2 Five A(nswer) Strategy (3) Thus the abstract can be expressed by the following formula Abstract=A1+A2+A3+A4+A5 A1: background A2: main topic A3: specific investigation A4: result and suggestion A5: conclusion and contribution Sample abstract (1) Modern management is essentially about managing people as well as processes in a rapidly changing environment. (2) The author presents the factors which make “strategic management” effective. (3) A dominant factor is the organization climate which, in turn, is determined by the quality of the managers and the availability of alternatives. (4) To improve the organization climate in which strategic management can be effective, the quality of the managers is a crucial factor. (5) The scope for alternatives also proves an important constraint. (6) The author s