古代中国的“盖天说”天文模型.pdfVIP

An Ancient Chinese Model * of a Flat Earth and a Flat Heaven Dirk L. Couprie (德克•L•考普里)* Abstract: The conception of the heaven as a plane parallel to that of the flat earth is the main, though implicit, presupposition in the Zhou Bi Suan Jing . The model of the cosmos is called gai tian. It differs fundamentally from another Chinese model hun tian which presents a picture of a flat earth with a hemispherical celestial vault. This essay provides an introductory representation of gai tian in the first part and offers more details and calculation in the second one. Keywords: Zhou Bi Suan Jing; hun tian; gai tian ; flat earth; flat heaven 古代中国的“盖天说”天文模型 摘要：“天地皆方且平行”是《周髀算经》所暗示的天文假设。这个天文模型叫做“盖 天说”，它不同于中国古代另外一套“天圆地方”的天文模型—— “浑天说”。这篇文章分为 两个部分，第一部介绍述了盖天说的主要特点，第二部分提供了过多的细节与计算支持。 关键词：《周髀算经》；浑天说；盖天说；方地；方天 * This study was supported by Czech Grant Agency Project, GACR 15-08890S. I wish to thank Professor Nie Minli for reading and promoting a preliminary draft, Professor Christopher Cullen for his kind and precise replies to my questions, Professor Dmitri Panchenko for his inspiring talks and putting me on the track of ancient Chinese cosmology, Professor Alexander Mourelatos for sharpening my insight in the uniqueness of the gai tian system through our discussions on Xenophanes‟ cosmology, Professor Radim Kočandrle for his scholarly cooperation in our projects, and Heleen Pott for reading critically my manuscript. * Dirk L. Couprie, Porfessor, Department of Philosophy, University of West Bohemia, Pilsen (德克L•考普里, 西 波西米亚大学哲学教授). Part One: Main Features The Chinese model of the cosmos called gai tian (“canopy heaven”), which is explained 1