一般现在时与现在进行时详解及比较.pptVIP

一、一般现在时1. 定义：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或现在的特征、状态。2. 构成：一般现在时表示动作时用行为动词作谓语，主语为第三人称单数时，动词要用第三人称单数形式；当表示特征、状态时，be动词根据主语选用am, is , are。 3. 应用：在下列几种情况下常用一般现在时。 (1) 表示现在的习惯动作，即在现在时间里某种动作的经常性和习惯性。例如： Peter often goes to his office by underground. My colleague and I don’t smoke. He always sleeps with the windows open. (2) 表示不受时间限制的客观存在，即客观真理、格言、科学事实及其他不受时间限制的事实。例如： The earth moves around the sun. A rolling stone gathers no moss. London stands on the River Thames 补给站：一般现在时的这种用法常与频度副词连用。常见的频度副词有always，ever，frequently, hardly, ever，never，occasionally，often，seldom，sometimes，usually，rarely等。其位置常在行为动词之前，be动词之后。 (3) 表示将来时间，即①在有when, after, if, as soon as, unless, as long as, until等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，应用一般现在时代替将来时；②在有些位移动词(come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等)表示计划和安排好的将来动作时，常用一般现在时。例如： As long as I enter the key university, I’ll try to study abroad. Could you tell me when your train leaves? ① My parents in Hong Kong. They were born there and have never lived anywhere else. (2009 天津) A. live B. lived C. were living D. will live ② According to the literary review, Shakespeare his characters live through their language in his plays. (2009 福建) A. will make B. had made C. was making D. makes My parents have promised to come to see me before I for Africa. (2009 辽宁) A. have left B. leave C. left D. will leave [思路点拨] ①A 符合第(1)种用法；②D 符合第(2)种用法；③B 符合第(3)种用法。 二、现在进行时 二、现在进行时 1. 定义：现在进行时表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作或目前这一阶段一直持续的状态。 2. 构成：现在进行时由“助动词be ( am / is / are ) +动词的现在分词” 构成。 3. 应用：在下列几种情况下常用现在进行时。 (1)表示说话时正在进行的动作，即表示现在正在做什么，通常用现在进行时。 例如：The students are preparing for the entrance exam at present. 补给站：现在进行时的这一用法与一般现在时的区别——用一般现在时往往带有长久的含义，而现在进行时则表示暂时的含义。试比较下列两句： He lives in Shanghai. (指长久住在上海) He is now living in Shanghai. (指暂时住在上海 ) (2)表示现阶段一直在进行的动作，即表示一个动作在现阶段一直进行，但在说话时不一定在进行。例如： Jane is studying law while her sister is doing physics. 补给站：和现在进行时连用的时间状语有now, at the moment, at present等；若和always, continually, constantly, for ever等频度