CC的传感器设计方案.docVIP

 本论文的主要内容是制作基于CC2420的ZIGBEE传感器网络硬件节点，并实现节点间的通信。本文中通信模块选择的射频芯片是CC2420，它是挪威Chipcon公司推出的一款符合IEEE 802.15.4和ZIGBEE标准的收发芯片，只需很少的外围元件就可以与单片机构成一个无线通信系统；微处理器是ATMEL公司生产的RISC结构的8位单片机ATmega 128L。文中详细介绍了这两个主要芯片的选型、性能和特点，并对关键部分的硬件接口作了详细阐述。 在设计过程中，我们充分考虑到硬件节点功耗低、成本低、体积小等要求，在选择芯片所需的外围电路元件时，为减小节点体积，这些元件的外部封装都选用体积小 ，易实现的。利用Protel 2004电路板设计软件，首先绘制电路原理图，完成原理图后生成网络表，然后进行实际布线，生成印制电路板。在设计PCB过程中，充分考虑了高频电路的设计原则，使用了四层布线结构和大面积铺地来抑制高频模拟信号的噪声。 硬件节点设计完成后，进行无线传感器网络协议结构和相关网络体系结构理论研究,把握基于CC2420的ZIGBEE传感器网络的工作环境和实现的要求，使网络更安全地、可靠地运行；网络硬件搭配完毕后，嵌入程序和初始化网络的各个模块，组建成一个完整的无线传感器网络操作系统，经调试，硬件节点可以接收光敏传感器电路中的光源信号，同时将采集到的数据发送到终端节点，实现两个硬件节点间的通信。通用串行接口能与RS-232标准串行接口连接，实现与计算机的通信；在PC机上显示采集数据。 关键词：无线传感器网络，ATmega128L，ZIGBEE，CC2420 Abstract This paper is focused on the implementation of wireless sensor network node Based on CC2420 and chieving the communication capability in the nodes. We choose the CC2420,a IEEE 802.15.4 compliant chip provided by Chipcon corpor- ations RF transceiver,and it need a MCU and few external components to constitute a wireless communication system. Microcontroller is RISC structure based 8 bit controller ATmega128L from ATMEL corporation. We also gave a detailed description of key hardware interface in the paper. Taking the request of low cost,low power,small size into consideration,we chose the low power、small size and Easy to achievely packaged external components.Then we charted circuit diagram,created netlist and layouted the printed circuit board(PCB) in the computer aided design software:Protel 2004. While layouting the PCB,we gave full consideration to high frequency circuit design rules and utilized four layers structure and large-area ground plane to restrain RF noise. The extended interface is also designed for more sensors. Node hardware design is completed, a wireless sensor network protocol structure and related network architecture based on the CC2420 grasp the theoretical study of ZIGBEE sensor networks working environment and achieving the requirements of