crystallization of mefenamic acid from dimethylformamide microemulsions obtaining thermodynamic control through 3d nanoconfinement结晶的甲灭酸二甲基甲酰胺纳米乳获得通过3 d nanoconfinement热力学控制.pdfVIP

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crystallization of mefenamic acid from dimethylformamide microemulsions obtaining thermodynamic control through 3d nanoconfinement结晶的甲灭酸二甲基甲酰胺纳米乳获得通过3 d nanoconfinement热力学控制.pdf

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crystallization of mefenamic acid from dimethylformamide microemulsions obtaining thermodynamic control through 3d nanoconfinement结晶的甲灭酸二甲基甲酰胺纳米乳获得通过3 d nanoconfinement热力学控制

Crystals 2011, 1, 195-205; doi:10.3390/cryst1030195 OPEN ACCESS crystals ISSN 2073-4352 /journal/crystals Article Crystallization of Mefenamic Acid from Dimethylformamide Microemulsions: Obtaining Thermodynamic Control through 3D Nanoconfinement Catherine E. Nicholson and Sharon J. Cooper * Department of Chemistry, University Science Laboratories, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK. E-Mail: c.e.nicholson@durham.ac.uk. * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: er@durham.ac.uk; Tel.: +44-191-3342098; Fax: +44-191-3342051. Received: 9 August 2011; in revised form: 8 September 2011 / Accepted: 15 September 2011 / Published: 19 September 2011 Abstract: Recently we showed how crystallization in microemulsions could lead directly to the most stable polymorph, thereby leapfrogging Ostwald’s rule of stages. Here we consider in more details the crystallization of mefenamic acid from dimethylformamide microemulsions. Crystallization of mefenamic acid from bulk DMF has previously been shown to produce only the metastable Form II irrespective of the supersaturation or temperature. In contrast, we show that stable Form I can be produced from DMF microemulsions provided the lowest supersaturations that can achieve crystallization are used; these correspond to initial supersaturations that are significantly higher than those commonly used in bulk solution