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control of glycogen content in retina allosteric regulation of glycogen synthase糖原含量控制视网膜糖原合酶的变构调节
Control of Glycogen Content in Retina: Allosteric Regulation of Glycogen Synthase ´ ´ ´ Ixchel Osorio-Paz, Gustavo Sanchez-Chavez, Rocıo Salceda* ´ ´ ´ ´ ´ Division Neurociencias, Instituto de Fisiologıa Celular, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, Distrito Federal, Mexico Abstract Retinal tissue is exceptional because it shows a high level of energy metabolism. Glycogen content represents the only energy reserve in retina, but its levels are limited. Therefore, elucidation of the mechanisms controlling glycogen content in retina will allow us to understand retina response under local energy demands that can occur under normal and pathological conditions. Thus, we studied retina glycogen levels under different experimental conditions and correlated them with glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) content and glycogen synthase (GS) activity. Glycogen and G-6-P content were studied in ex vivo retinas from normal, fasted, streptozotocin-treated, and insulin- induced hypoglycemic rats. Expression levels of GS and its phosphorylated form were also analyzed. Ex vivo retina from normal rats showed low G-6-P (1462 pmol/mg protein) and glycogen levels (43 63 nmol glycosyl residues/mg protein), which were increased 6 and 3 times, respectively, in streptozotocin diabetic rats. While no changes in phosphorylated GS levels were observed in any condition tested, a positive correlation was found between G-6-P levels with GS activity and glycogen content. The results indicated that in vivo, retina glycogen may act as
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