collective response of human populations to large-scale emergencies集体回应的人类大规模的紧急情况.pdfVIP

Collective Response of Human Populations to Large- Scale Emergencies 1,2 . 1,2. ´ ´ ´ 1,2,3 James P. Bagrow * , Dashun Wang , Albert-Laszlo Barabasi 1 Center for Complex Network Research, Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 2 Center for Cancer Systems Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America, 3 Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America Abstract Despite recent advances in uncovering the quantitative features of stationary human activity patterns, many applications, from pandemic prediction to emergency response, require an understanding of how these patterns change when the population encounters unfamiliar conditions. To explore societal response to external perturbations we identified real-time changes in communication and mobility patterns in the vicinity of eight emergencies, such as bomb attacks and earthquakes, comparing these with eight non-emergencies, like concerts and sporting events. We find that communication spikes accompanying emergencies are both spatially and temporally localized, but information about emergencies spreads globally, resulting in communication avalanches that engage in a significant manner the social network of eyewitnesses. These results offer a quantitative view of behavioral changes in human activity under extreme conditions, with potential long-term impact on emergency detection and response. ´ Citation: Bagrow JP, Wang D, Barabasi A-L (2011) Collective Response of Human Populations to Large-Scale Emergencies. PLoS ONE 6(3): e17680. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.001