the implications of cancer stem cells for cancer therapy癌症治疗的癌症干细胞的影响.pdfVIP

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2012, 13, 16636-16657; doi:10.3390/ijms131216636 OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Review The Implications of Cancer Stem Cells for Cancer Therapy Wenjing Jiang 1, Jianhua Peng 1, Yue Zhang 1,*, William C. S. Cho 2 and Kunlin Jin 3,* 1 Department of Otolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou 325000, China; E-Mails: jiangwe163.com (W.J.); pjh7218@ (J.P.) 2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong; E-Mail: williamcscho@ 3 Department of Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Institute for Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease Research, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX 76107, USA * Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mails: jenniferyuezhang@ (Y.Z.); kjin@ (K.J.); Tel.: +1-817-7352579. Received: 11 October 2012; in revised form: 21 November 2012 / Accepted: 27 November 2012 / Published: 5 December 2012 Abstract: Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy are universally recognized as the most effective anti-cancer therapies. Despite significant advances directed towards elucidating molecular mechanisms and developing clinical trials, cancer still remains a major public health issue. Recent studies have showed that cancer stem cells (CSCs), a small subpopulation of tumor cells, can generate bulk populations of nontumorigenic canc