state and trait olfactory markers of major depression嗅觉标记的抑郁症状态和特征.pdfVIP

State and Trait Olfactory Markers of Major Depression 1 1,2 ` 1 1,2 1 Marine Naudin , Wissam El-Hage , Marlene Gomes , Philippe Gaillard , Catherine Belzung , Boriana Atanasova1* ´ ˆ 1 INSERM U930 ERL 3106, Universite Franc¸ois Rabelais de Tours, Tours, France, 2 Pole de Psychiatrie, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France Abstract Nowadays, depression is a major issue in public health. Because of the partial overlap between the brain structures involved in depression, olfaction and emotion, the study of olfactory function could be a relevant way to find specific cognitive markers of depression. This study aims at determining whether the olfactory impairments are state or trait markers of major depressive episode (MDE) through the study of the olfactory parameters involving the central olfactory pathway. In a pilot study, we evaluated prospectively 18 depressed patients during acute episodes of depression and 6 weeks after antidepressant treatment (escitalopram) against 54 healthy volunteers, matched by age, gender and smoking status. We investigated the participants’ abilities to identify odors (single odors and in binary mixture), to evaluate and discriminate the odors’ intensity, and determine the hedonic valence of odors. The results revealed an ‘‘olfactory anhedonia’’ expressed by decrease of hedonic score for high emotional odorant as potential state marker of MDE. Moreover, these patients experienced an ‘‘olfactory negative alliesthesia’’, during the odor intensity evaluation, and failed to identify