电力概论第1节电气工程基础版本.ppt

河北科技大学电气工程系 C程序设计 电气工程基础电力工程 考试课 平时成绩 20％ （作业、考勤） 期末考试80％ 中文教材：★ 《电力工程》——尹克宁 中国电力出版社 第一章 概论 Introduction 1.1 电力系统的基本概念 Basic concepts of Power system 1.2 发电厂的生产过程 Electric Power Generation 1.3 电力系统的电压与电能质量 Power Quality 1.4 负荷曲线 Load Curve 1.5 我国电力工业发展概况及前景 Power Industry 1.1 电力系统的基本概念Basic concepts of Power system 一、电力系统的组成 New Words and Expression Outgoing line 出线 Node point (结点) Switchgear 开关设备 Surge 浪涌，冲击波过电压 Thyristor-controlled 可控硅控制的 Static Var Compensator (SVC) 静止无功补偿器 Average installed generation capacity per capita 人均装机容量 Average generation per capita 人均发电量 1.1 Concept of Transmission and Distribution The generation, delivery, and utilization of electric power and energy remain among the most challenging and exciting ?elds of electrical engineering. The astounding technological developments of our age are highly dependent upon a safe, reliable, and economic supply of electric power. The purpose of the electric transmission system is the interconnection of the electric energy producing power plants or generating stations with the loads. A three-phase AC system is used for most transmission lines. The operating frequency is 60 Hz in the U.S. and 50 Hz in Europe, Australia, and part of Asia. The three-phase system has three phase conductors. The system voltage is de?ned as the rms (root-mean-square) voltage between the conductors, also called line-to-line voltage. The voltage between the phase conductor and ground, called line-to-ground voltage, is equal to the line-to-line voltage divided by the square root of three. Concept of Energy Transmission and Distribution The generating station produces the electric energy. The generator voltage is around 15 to 25 kV. This relatively low voltage is not appropriate for the transmission of energy over long distances. At the generating station a transformer is used to increase the voltage and reduce the current. In Fig. 1.3 the voltage