M3 U3 Grmmar 宾语补足语学案.docVIP

Module 3 Unit 3 Grammar and Usage 宾语补足语 一、英语的五个基本句型结构： S. + V. （主谓结构） He runs quickly． S. + V. + P. （主系表结构） The story sounds interesting． S. + V. + O. （主谓宾结构） They built a house last year． S. + V. + O1 + O2 （主谓双宾结构） He offered me his seat / his seat to me． S. + V. + O. + O.C. （主谓宾补结构） They found her happy that day． I found him out． 我发现他出去了。 They named the boy Charlie． 他们给这个男孩起名为查理。 I saw him come in and go out． 我见他进来又出去。 They felt the car moving fast． 他们感到汽车行驶得很快。 He found the door of study closed to him． 他发现研究所的大门对他关闭了。 二、宾语补足语： 1. 定义：The object complement gives more information about the object. 顾名思义，宾补是补充说明宾语，使句子意义完整的句子成分。 2. 使用场合：Verb + object + object complement 3. 可以充当宾语补足语的词和词组有： (1). 名词： We made him our monitor. They thought this good advice. They named their daughter Jenny. 注：充当宾语补足语的名词若表示正式的或独一无二的头衔、职位时，前面一般不用冠词。 They elected John chairman of the committee. (2). 形容词： You should keep your room clean and tidy. We’d better leave the door open. We found the ruins most interesting. (3). 介词短语： He left his bag in the office. We found ourselves in the middle of a desert. (4). 副词： He opened the window to let the fresh air in. I saw him out with his father the day before yesterday. (5). 现在分词： I’m sorry to have you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wind blowing on my face. At this moment she noticed the teacher coming in. (6). 过去分词： When he wake up, he found himself tied to a tree. He raised his voice to make himself heard. I had my watch repaired yesterday. (7). 不定式 或 省略 to 的不定式 My mother allowed me to play games for a while. Can you make your car park over there? 注：可使用不定式作宾语补足语的有： 五看（see, watch, notice, observe, look at）、 三使（make, let, have）、两听（listen to, hear）、一感觉（feel）。 4. 在复合宾语中，宾语通常为名词或代词，但有时也可以用不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或that从句来充当。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。值得注意的是：think, find, consider, feel, make, take等动词应使用先行it代替宾语，it后面应接宾补，而将真正的宾语移到宾补之后。 I felt it necessary to speak about our shortcomings. I think it very important to attend this meet