电气工程其自动化专业英语.docVIP

电气工程及其自动化专业英语 Section I basic electric circuit Chapter 1 Introduction to electric circuits New Words and Expressions 1. electrical circuit n. 电路 2. voltage n. 电压，伏特 3. current n. 电流，通用的, 流通的, 现在的 4. current flow n. 电流 5. resistor n. 电阻，电阻器 6. battery n. 电池 7. load n. 负载，负荷 8. performance n. 性能 9. circuit diagram n. 电路图 10. idealized model n. 理想模型 Introduction *A simple circuit and its components. *Idealized model of the circuit *Model can be changed if necessary. *summarize In elementary physics classes you undoubtedly have been introduced to the fundamental concepts of electricity and how real components can be put together to form an electrical circuit. A very simple circuit, for example, might consist of a battery, some wire, a switch, and an incandescent light bulb as shown in Fig.1-1. The battery supplies the energy required to force electrons around the loop, heating the filament of the bulb and causing the bulb to radiate a lot of heat and some light. Energy is transferred from a source, the battery, to a load, the bulb. —— ——You probably already know that the voltage of the battery and the electrical resistance of the bulb have something to do with the amount of current that will flow in the circuit. From your own practical experience you also know that no current will flow until the switch is closed. That is, for a circuit to do anything, the loop has to be completed so that electrons can flow from the battery to the bulb and then back again to the battery. And finally, you probably realize that it doesn’t much matter whether there is one foot or two feet of wire connecting the battery to the bulb, but that it probably would matter if there is a mile of wire between it and the bulb. Also shown in Fig. 1-1 is a model made up of idealized components. The battery is modeled as an ideal source that puts out a constant voltage, VB, no matter what amount of cur