advances towards synthetic machines at the molecular and nanoscale level进步对合成的机器在分子和纳米级水平.pdfVIP

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2010, 11, 2453-2472; doi:10.3390/ijm OPEN ACCESS International Journal of Molecular Sciences ISSN 1422-0067 /journal/ijms Review Advances Towards Synthetic Machines at the Molecular and Nanoscale Level Kristina Konstas 1, Steven J. Langford 1,* and Melissa J. Latter 2 1 School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; E-Mail: Kristina.Konstas@.au 2 Centre for Strategic Nano-fabrication, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, West Australia 6009 Australia; E-Mail: Melissa.Latter@.au * Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: steven.Langford@.au; Tel.: +61-3-9905-4569; Fax: +61-3-9905-4597. Received: 25 May 201 0; in revised form: 9 June 2010 / Accepted: 10 June 2010 / Published: 11 June 2010 Abstract: The fabrication of increasingly smaller machines to the nanometer scale can be achieved by either a “top-down” or “bottom-up” approach. While the former is reaching its limits of resolution, the latter is showing promise for the assembly of molecular components, in a comparable approach to natural systems, to produce functioning ensembles in a controlled and predetermined manner. In this review we focus on recent progress in molecular systems that act as molecular machine prototypes such as switches, motors, vehicles and logic operators. Keywords: molecular machines; devices; switches; catenanes;