a multiagent system for autonomous operation of islanded microgrids based on a power market environment坐落微型电网的可替换主体自主操作系统基于电力市场环境.pdfVIP
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a multiagent system for autonomous operation of islanded microgrids based on a power market environment坐落微型电网的可替换主体自主操作系统基于电力市场环境
Energies 2010, 3, 1972-1990; doi:10.3390/en3121972
OPEN ACCESS
energies
ISSN 1996-1073
/journal/energies
Article
A Multiagent System for Autonomous Operation of Islanded
Microgrids Based on a Power Market Environment
Hak-Man Kim 1, Tetsuo Kinoshita 2 and Myong-Chul Shin 3,*
1 Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Incheon/ 12-1, Sondo-dong, Yeonsu-gu,
Incheon, 406-840, Korea; E-Mail: hmkim@incheon.ac.kr
2 Graduate School of Information Science, Tohoku University/2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai,
980-8577, Japan; E-Mail: kino@riec.tohoku.ac.jp
3 School of Information Communication Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University/300,
Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Korea
* Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: mcshin@skku.ac.kr;
Tel.: +82-31-290-7103.
Received: 25 October 2010; in revised form: 8 December 2010 / Accepted: 16 December 2010 /
Published: 20 December 2010
Abstract: One of the most important requirements of microgrid operation is to maintain a
constant frequency such as 50 Hz or 60 Hz, which is closely related to a power balance
between supply and demand. In general, microgrids are connected to power grids and
surplus/shortage power of microgrids is traded with power grids. Since islanded microgrids
are isolated from any power grids, the decrease in generation or load-shedding can be used
to maintain the frequency when a power imbalance between supply and demand occurs.
The power imbalance restricts the el
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