建设项目绿色施工目标规划模型及构建.docVIP

建设项目绿色施工目标规划模型的构建 郭庆军 赛云秀西安工业大学建筑工程学院， 陕西西安710032； 2.西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院， 陕西西安 710055）Construction in Engineering Project Guo Qingjun1,2， Sai Yunxiu1,2 (1.School of Civil and Architecture Engineering, Xian Technological University, Xi’an 710032, China; 2.School of Civil Engineering, Xian University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055 China) Abstract: The traditional construction neglect resource saving and environmental protection on the fundamental objectives of schedule, quality and cost, the paper analyses the characteristics and attribute of green construction. Green construction is the mode to develop resource-saving and environment-friendly construction, and achieve integration of economic, social and environmental efficiency which is the future mode of construction. The attribute of Environment for green construction is different to traditional construction which is an important factor in the objective system. The goal programming model of green construction was on environment-friendly way, which was convenient to make decision on schedule, cost, quality, environment, security and other objectives optimization, and improve the competitiveness of construction enterprises on green construction, then instruct green construction. Keyword: green construction; goal programming; ecological environment; objective; utility 中图分类号：F224.5 文献标识码：A 建设项目在人类社会和经济发展中占有极其重要的地位，发挥着积极作用。绿色建筑的实体形成于施工过程之中，建筑施工模式就成了建造绿色建筑、生态建筑的关键所在。在此情况下，在建设领域践行科学发展观，发展资源节约型和环境友好型施工模式——“绿色施工”成为必然。绿色施工是以可持续发展观为指导，以四节一环保为目标，绿色技术为手段，绿色管理为保障，实现经济效益、社会效益和生态环境效益均衡的施工模式。文[1][2]分析了三大目标之间的关系及优化的思路和方法，文[3]探讨了多目标综合动态调控模型和相应的调控规则机理，文[4]基于进度和质量约束条件下构建了工程的成本费用优化模型。在求解随机多目标决策问题中，Stancu-Minasian定义了一类基于水平值为u1,u2,…,ur的多最小风险问题[5]，文[6]基于工期围绕最小风险问题进行三目标决策模型的构建。文[7]从地区、行业、项目生命期的阶段、管理主体、合同类型角度，根据目标的优先序不同来构建目标规划模型。本文提出绿色管理目标体系，以生态环境保护为前提，构建绿色施工目标规划模型，便于量化绿色施工的效果，指导绿色施工实施。 1 绿色施工的特点和属性 1.1 绿色施工的特点 传统施工以追求工期为主要目标，节约资源和保护环境处于从属地位，当工期与节约资源和环保发生冲突时，往往不惜以浪费资源（拼设备、拼材料、拼人力）和破坏环境（严重污染、破坏地貌、植被等）为代价保证工期的实现[8]。显然，传统的施