Topdown attention switches coupling between （由上而下的注意开关之间的耦合）.pdf

Top-down attention switches coupling between low- level and high-level areas of human visual cortex a,1 b a,1 Naseem Al-Aidroos , Christopher P. Said , and Nicholas B. Turk-Browne aDepartment of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540; and bCenter for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003 Edited by Thomas D. Albright, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, and approved July 26, 2012 (received for review February 7, 2012) Top-down attention is an essential cognitive ability, allowing our information through goal-relevant pathways (12, 13). Moreover, finite brains to process complex natural environments by prioritizing this hypothesis is prompted by neurophysiological findings from information relevant to our goals. Previous evidence suggests that nonhuman primates (14) that attention coordinates neural activity top-down attention operates by modulating stimulus-evoked neural between extrastriate and frontoparietal cortex by coupling neuro- activity within visual areas specialized for processing goal-relevant nal spikes with local field potentials (LFPs) (15, 16) and increasing information. We show that top-down attention also has a separate long-range LFP coherence (17, 18). Here we exploit the spatial influence on the background coupling between visual areas: adopt- coverage and noninvasiveness of fMRI to assess how top-down ing different attentional goals resulted in specific patterns of noise attention modulates interactions between posterior visual areas of correlations in the visual system, whereby intrinsic activity in the the human brain. We develop an fMRI analysis technique to test same set of low-level areas was shared with only those high-level the predi