The synchrotron light source（同步加速器的光源）.pdf

The synchrotron light source What is a synchrotron? light for scientific experiments. Facilities A synchrotron is a machine that accelerates dedicated to the production and use of charged particles such as electrons to synchrotron radiation are known as synchrotron extremely high energies - creating an light sources or synchrotron radiation facilities, electron beam that travels at almost the commonly abbreviated to ‘synchrotrons’ by speed of light. This is done by creating users. strong magnetic and electric fields and First-generation synchrotron light sources were simultaneously increasing (synchronously basically beamlines built onto existing facilities ramping) the strength of the fields. Powerful designed for particle physics studies. Second- electromagnets are used to focus and steer generation synchrotron light sources were the beam inside a ring-shaped vacuum dedicated to the production of synchrotron chamber, which minimises collisions with radiation and employed electron storage rings air molecules and allows storage of the to harness the synchrotron light. Current (third- beam at high energy levels for many hours. generation) synchrotron light sources optimise Originally, synchrotrons were used exclusively the intensity of the light by incorporating long in the field of particle physics, allowing straight sections into the storage ring for scientists to study collisions between subatomic ‘insertion devices’ such as undulator and particles with higher and higher energies. wiggler magnets. Wigglers create a