EFFECT OF AMBIENT TROPOSPHERIC OZONE ON RICE …：大气对流层臭氧对水稻的影响….ppt

Putrajaya: June 07 Weather is the most important cause of year-to-year variability in crop production, even in high-yield and high-technology environments. Surface level O3, SO2 and CO2 have direct impacts on crops, while CO2, CH4 and N2O are critical in altering air temperature. Higher demand for greater crop production due to increase in population and land constraint. Rapid deterioration of ambient air quality due to industrialization and urbanization (Marshall et. al, 1997). Higher risk due to the climate; characterized by high temperature high solar radiation which promote formation of O3 (Ashmore and Bell, 1991). Why Rice? Rice is the world’s most important staple food crop (FAO, 2001). Rice contributes ≈ one-third of daily calorie intake among Malaysians, and it is the primary source of carbohydrates (Fatimah et al, 1998). Food security has been an integral national policy objective in Malaysias development pursuits since 1950s. Hence, there is a pressing need to determine the actual air pollution impacts on vegetation especially rice plant which is the main staple food for vast majority of Malaysians Concept of AOT 40 The sum of the differences between hourly O3 conc. and 40 ppb for each hour when the conc. exceeds 40 ppb during a relevant growing season for crops and natural vegetation (Fuhrer et al, 1997). AOT40 at The Study Area Experimental Design Results Discussion There exists statistically significant weight reduction on total biomass, roots and grains of MR-219 rice plant exposed to different concentrations of O3 at the 95% confidence level. Economic Losses of Rice Yield due to Surface Ozone Investigations of Air Pollution Impacts on Other Malaysian’s Crops Air Quality Improvement Program Strict enforcement of Clean Air Regulations, 1978 Increase usage of public transportation in urban areas Stringent enforcement of traffic regulation Encourage the use of natural gas (LNG) in the transportation sectors Compulsory installation of c