脊柱的生物力学（Biomechanics of spine）.docVIP

脊柱的生物力学（Biomechanics of spine） Biomechanics of spine Basic theory - Biomechanics The spine is the central axis of the human body, consisting of vertebrae, intervertebral discs, intervertebral joints, and vertebral joints, ligaments, and muscles. Spinal canal is the vertebra of each vertebra, coherent, content, spinal cord. The entire spine of the adult is viewed as a straight line from the side to four bends, the forward flexion of the neck, the back of the chest, the forward projection of the waist, and the back of the sacrum. These bends are adapted to human upright walking posture, and gradually formed during the process of growth and development. The newborn baby is back into the convex curved spine, with the rise and can sit up, neck lordosis gradually appear, thoracic kyphosis is obvious, wait to learn to walk, neck and waist bent forward to form a significant development. The spinal column supports weight, transmits gravity, protects the spinal cord and nerve roots, participates in the formation of the chest cavity, abdominal cavity, and pelvic cavity, and supports and attaches the muscles and fascia associated with the trunk and trunk. The physiology and biomechanics of the spine, the spine has flexion, extension, left and right side flexion and left and right rotation movement. The nucleus becomes the fulcrum of the lever. Because of the presence of physiological curvature, the nucleus pulposus of the thoracic intervertebral disc is in the middle, while the nucleus pulposus of the cervical spine and lumbar spine is biased. The nucleus in front of fiber ring is strong and the thickness of posterior, anterior longitudinal ligament is the posterior longitudinal ligament is strong and powerful, when stretching upward, rear disc extrusion, the nucleus moves forward, on the other hand, bow down, push back the nucleus. If excessive force, the posterior longitudinal ligament and posterior fibrous ring is prone to damage and rupture, and the nucleus pulposus promine