细胞期末复习题（Cell end review questions）.docVIP

细胞期末复习题（Cell end review questions） First, the noun explanation question 1. cells surrounded by membrane; turn, can reproduce independently of the minimum mass of protoplasm, mining structure and physiological function of the basic unit of electric organism. Cell theory: first by the German botanist Schleiden (M. Schleiden) and German zoologist (T. Schwann) proposed Schwaan theory. That all living things are made up of cells, the cells are the structural unit of life, the cells can only be divided by the cells. Cell biology: whole cell, microscopic and submicroscopic and molecular levels are studied on the cell structure, function and life activities of the discipline. The prokaryotic cell membrane surrounded by: no clear nucleus, small volume, simple structure and evolutionary status of primitive cells. 2. cell lines in vitro can generally smoothly pass 40 - 50 generations, and still maintain the original diploid number and contact inhibition behavior of passage cells. Cell lines; in vitro culture, some cells have genetic mutations, and with cancer cell characteristics, loss of contact inhibition, there may be unlimited passage of passage cells. Cloning; (1) also known as asexual reproduction. A group of molecules, cells, or individuals that are genetically identical. (2) the use of in vitro recombination to insert a specific gene or DNA sequence into the carrier molecule. Primary culture; remove the tissue from the organism through tissue grown monolayer cells, or by enzyme digestion or mechanical tissues were dispersed into single cells, were cultured in vitro in culture for the first time before passage is called primary culture. 3. cell coat; also called glycocalyx, a layer of mucopolysaccharide material outside the cell membrane surface coverage, is actually a covalent cell surface and plasma membrane proteins in the lipid molecules or combination of oligosaccharide chain, is the membrane of normal structural component, protective effect on membrane protein, th