系统解剖学重点（Systematic anatomy）.docVIP

系统解剖学重点（Systematic anatomy） Normal human anatomy, according to the function of human organ system (such as motion system, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, reproductive system, vascular system, sensory organs, nervous system and endocrine system) to describe the morphological structure of normal human science. In appearance, the human body can be divided into ten parts, each part can be divided into a number of small parts. The local human head, neck, back, chest, abdomen, perineum, pelvic and left lower limb and left and right upper limbs, the head part of the skull and face, neck and neck part, back, chest, abdomen and pelvic perineal called trunk. The upper arm consists of two parts, the upper limb and the free upper limb, and the free upper limb is subdivided into three parts: the upper arm, the forearm and the hand. The lower limb is divided into two parts, the lower limb and the free lower limb, and the free lower limb is divided into three parts: the thigh, the leg and the foot. The upper limb and lower limb are called limbs. Standard anatomical position of the human body is: the body upright, facing forward, eyes to the front head, two feet together, toes forward, upper limbs sagging in the trunk on both sides, palms forward. When you describe any body structure, you should use this posture as a standard. Azimuth terms: According to the above standard anatomical postures, some terms for orientation are defined. Upper and lower: called near the head, near the foot is called down. Anterior and posterior (or ventral and dorsal): the distance from the body to the abdomen is called anterior, and the distance from the back of the body is called posterior. Medial and lateral: the medial and lateral are the terms describing the relative distances of the various parts or organs of the body, the structure, and the median sagittal plane of the human body. For example, the eye is on the outer side of the nose, and the eye is on the inside of the ear.