第九单元 固有免疫的组成细胞（A unit of innate immunity in the ninth unit）.docVIP

第九单元 固有免疫的组成细胞（A unit of innate immunity in the ninth unit） A unit of innate immunity in the ninth unit Innate immunity, also known as non-specific immunity or innate immunity, is a series of defense mechanisms in organisms during the long-term phylogenetic process. The cells that perform innate immunity mainly include monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, and NKT cells, Gamma delta T cells, B1 cells, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells. Section 1 phagocytosis of cells Phagocytes mainly consist of two major groups: mononuclear phagocyte and neutrophilic granulocyte. Macrophages are effector cells that perform nonspecific immunity in the body and play an important role in specific immune responses at all stages. The biological functions of macrophages are: Identification, removal of pathogens and other antigen foreign bodies 1. pattern recognition receptors on the surface of macrophages and their role in pattern recognition, receptor recognition, and binding to certain pathogens or products The highly conserved, specific molecular structure known as pathogen associated molecular patterns (pathogen, associated, molecular, pattern, PAMP). Different kinds of microorganisms can express different PAMP, mainly including lipopolysaccharide, phosphorus acid, peptidoglycan, mannose, bacterial DNA, double stranded RNA and dextran. These structures usually do not exist in host cells. The pattern recognition receptors on the surface of macrophages are mannose receptor, scavenger receptor and TOLL like receptor. These receptors bind to the corresponding PAMP of pathogens, eliminating pathogenic microorganisms by nonspecific phagocytosis. 2. the receptors and their roles on the surface of macrophages, the receptors on the surface of macrophages mainly include IgGFc receptor (Fc gamma R) and complement receptor (C3bR/C4bR) (see unit fourth, fifth). Two, to participate in and promote inflammatory response The chemokine receptor, which binds to the surfac