第三章 血 液（The third chapter blood）.docVIP

第三章 血 液（The third chapter blood） The third chapter blood I. brief description of the basic functions of blood. 1) transport function: transport of oxygen, carbon dioxide and nutrients, while the tissues, cells, metabolites, and other harmful substances transported to the excretory organs excreted. 2) internal environment homeostasis: the transport of materials can make the normal The new supersedes the old. smoothly; the blood itself can change the buffer some physical and chemical factors; through blood transport for the body to provide feedback to control system. 3) participate in humoral regulation: by transport of body fluid regulating substances to the site of action. Such as: hormone systemic body filling regulation. 4) defense protection function: various types of white blood cells, plasma globulin, hemostasis and coagulation process, expanding the coagulation system and fibrinolytic system are all can reflect the protective function of blood. Two. What is the composition and physiological significance of plasma osmotic pressure? Composition: a colloidal osmotic pressure formed by crystal solute particles (inorganic salts and small molecular organic matter) formed by crystal osmotic pressure and colloidal solute particles (plasma proteins). The physiological significance of plasma osmotic pressure of plasma crystal osmotic pressure inside and outside the cell can regulate water balance, maintain the normal morphology and membrane integrity of red blood cells; plasma colloid osmotic pressure and water distribution, regulating vascular maintain blood volume. Three. The concept of blood coagulation: the process of blood flowing from a blood vessel into a non flowing gel state from a flowing sol to a blood clot. Blood coagulation is a series of protein limited hydrolysis processes involving 12 clotting factors, Roughly divided into three basic stages, As shown in the following figure: The activation of factor X (Xa) can be achieved in two ways: the endogenous act