第 六 章 血细胞染色体检查的临床应用（The sixth chapter is the clinical application of blood cell chromosome examination）.docVIP

第 六 章 血细胞染色体检查的临床应用（The sixth chapter is the clinical application of blood cell chromosome examination） The sixth chapter is the clinical application of blood cell chromosome examination ? This chapter examines the basic concept of chromosome 1., the application of chromosome aberration in 2. blood diseases (1), lymphocytic leukemia and lymphoma (2), myeloid leukemia (3), and other hematologic diseases I. The basic concept of chromosome 1. chromosome naming: human somatic cells have 46 chromosomes, of which 22 pairs of chromosomes (44), 1 pairs of sexual chromosomes (XY), 46 for males, XY for females, 46 for females, and XX for females. According to an international system for human cytogenetics nomenclature (SICH), 46 human chromosomes according to their length and centromere position for A ~ G7 group, including L ~ 22, and the X and Y chromosome; according to the distribution characteristics of banding appeared in each chromosome, the number of chromosomes. Regional distribution, generally 4 symbols representing a particular zone, such as 2P35 means the short arm of chromosome 2 and 3 with zone 5. The basic features of the 2. chromosome: the chromosome is the basic substance that makes up the nucleus, the chromosome is a biological genetic substance, it is the carrier of the gene, its basic substance is DNA and protein. In interphase nuclei, it is spread in the nucleus in the DNA double helix of the molecular state, and in the cells that undergo mitosis and meiosis, the chromosomes that can be clearly identified under light microscopy. The human chromosomes in mitotic metaphase, the basic characteristics of the most typical and clear, so the general observation of cell culture with metaphase chromosome, prevail. The structure of the 3. chromosome: each chromosome consists of two chromatid bodies connected by the centromere. The part between the centromere and the ends of the chromosome is called the chromosome arm. Due to the different position of the centromere,