神经元（Neuron）.docVIP

神经元（Neuron） Neuron Nerve cell. Generally have long projections, soma and neurites collectively called neurons. At the end of the nineteenth Century, some anatomists consider the nervous system is a complex winding and uninterrupted network. S. Ramon, a Spanish nerve scientist, advocates and initially proves that the nervous system is composed of numerous tiny units - neurons that closely contact each other. The function of neurons is to accept certain forms of signals and respond to them, to transmit excitement, to process and store information, and to produce connections between cells. Because of these functions of neurons, animals can respond quickly to changes in the environment. In the system from the start of nerve cell coelenterate animal, the increasing number of higher animal to neurons, the nervous system is also more complex. Neurons can receive information directly from the body or the body directly or indirectly (via receptors), and transmit the information along long fibers (projections) for long distances in a conduction excited manner. Connection information from one neuron to the electric conduction or chemical transfer across between cells (i.e. synapses), and pass to another neuron or effector secretion, resulting in the contraction of muscles or glands, neurons can process information can be stored in some way information is not clear. The connection of neurons through synapses allows a large number of neurons to form a much more complex nervous system than other systems. Neurons also form synaptic connections with receptors such as vision, hearing, smell, taste, machinery and chemoreceptor, and effectors such as muscles and glands. The neurons of higher animals can be divided into many categories, and different types of neurons and even neurons can be distinguished in detail in function, size and morphology. A cell containing the nucleus, having a cell membrane on the surface and cytoplasm between the membrane and the nucleus. Soma is the center